Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the joints. People with rheumatoid arthritis often experience pain, stiffness, and swelling in their joints, as well as fatigue and weakness. Fortunately, there are various lifestyle changes and coping methods that help individuals with this condition thrive. Learn how to improve your quality of life with rheumatoid arthritis!
What is Rheumatoid Arthritis?
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease that primarily affects the joints. It is characterized by inflammation of the synovium, the lining of the joints, which can lead to swelling, pain, stiffness, and eventually joint damage and deformity. RA commonly affects the joints of the hands, feet, wrists, elbows, knees, and ankles, but it can also affect other organs and systems in the body, including the skin, eyes, lungs, heart, and blood vessels.
The exact cause of RA is unknown, but it is thought to be related to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. It is more common in women than in men and typically develops between the ages of 40 and 60, although it can occur at any age. Unfortunately, RA is a progressive disease, meaning that it tends to worsen over time if left untreated.
Diagnosis of RA involves a combination of physical examination, blood tests, and imaging studies. Treatment options include medications to reduce inflammation and pain, slow the progression of the disease, and prevent joint damage. Physical therapy and occupational therapy can also be beneficial in managing symptoms and improving function.
Managing Rheumatoid Arthritis
Managing RA involves a combination of medical treatment, lifestyle modifications, and self-care strategies. Medications commonly used to treat RA include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), and biologics. All of these medications work by reducing inflammation, relieving pain, and slowing the progression of the disease.
A number of lifestyle modifications can help manage RA as well. Getting regular exercise, watching your diet, and committing to a healthy sleep schedule can go a long way toward reduced symptoms. Exercise can help improve joint flexibility, strength, and mobility, while maintaining a healthy weight can reduce the strain on joints. A balanced diet that includes plenty of fruits, vegetables, fish, and whole grains — otherwise known as “the Mediterranean diet” — can provide the body with the nutrients it needs to support joint health.
Self-care strategies that can help manage RA include using heat or cold therapy to relieve pain and stiffness, practicing relaxation techniques to reduce stress, and using assistive devices to make daily tasks easier. It is also important for individuals with RA to work closely with their healthcare team to monitor their condition and adjust their treatment plan as needed.
Coping with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Living with RA can be tiring, as there is no permanent relief from its symptoms. However, various strategies can help you reduce the long-term psychological impact of having this condition. These strategies include:
- Education: Learning about RA and its management can help individuals feel more in control of their condition and make informed decisions about their treatment.
- Support groups: Joining a support group can provide individuals with an opportunity to connect with others who are living with RA and share their experiences, concerns, and coping strategies.
- Counseling: Talking to a therapist or counselor can help individuals manage stress, anxiety, and depression that may accompany RA.
- Mindfulness and relaxation techniques: Practicing mindfulness, meditation, and deep breathing exercises can help individuals reduce stress and improve their overall well-being.
- Setting realistic goals: Breaking down tasks into smaller, more manageable goals can help individuals feel a sense of accomplishment and reduce feelings of overwhelm.
Learn More About Rheumatoid Arthritis
Curious to learn more? Feel free to visit the following resources:
- The Arthritis Foundation
- The American College of Rheumatology
- The National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases